Major Changes Coming to F-1 Student Visas: What International Students Need to Know

The U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has proposed significant changes to how international students on F-1 visas will be admitted to the United States. On August 28, 2025, DHS published a proposed rule titled "Establishing a Fixed Time Period of Admission and an Extension of Stay Procedure for Nonimmigrant Academic Students, Exchange Visitors, and Representatives of Foreign Information Media." These changes could fundamentally alter how long students can stay in the U.S. and what they need to do to extend their studies.

What's Changing?

End of "Duration of Status" (D/S)

Currently, F-1 students are admitted for "Duration of Status," meaning they can stay in the U.S. as long as they maintain their student status and are enrolled in their program. Under the proposed rule, this would change dramatically:

• New System: Students would be admitted for a fixed time period, not to exceed 4 years

• Maximum Stay: The initial admission period would match the program end date noted on Form I-20, not to exceed four years

• Extension Required: Students wanting to stay beyond this period must apply directly to USCIS for an Extension of Stay (EOS)

Key Changes at a Glance

Impact on Different Student Categories

Undergraduate Students (Bachelor's Degree)

• Good News: Most bachelor's programs are 4 years or less, so many students won't need extensions

• Consideration: Students in 5-year programs or those taking longer will need to apply for extensions

Graduate Students (Master's/PhD)

• Master's Students: Most 2-year programs won't be affected

• PhD Students: Longer programs will require extension applications after 4 years

• Important: Graduate students would be prohibited from changing programs at any point during their studies

Language Training Students

• Major Restriction: Language training students would be limited to an aggregate 24-month period of stay, including breaks and annual vacation

• Impact: This significantly reduces the time available for English language study

New Restrictions on School Transfers and Program Changes

First-Year Transfer Restrictions

Students must complete their first academic year at the school that initially issued their Form I-20, unless an exception is authorized by SEVP. This means:

• No immediate transfers after arriving in the U.S.

• Prevents "bait and switch" tactics where students use prestigious schools to get visas then transfer immediately

Educational Level Restrictions

The proposed rule introduces strict limitations on changing educational levels:

• Upward Only: Students can only progress to higher educational levels after completing a program

• No Lateral/Downward Movement: Students who complete a program at one educational level cannot pursue programs at the same or lower level while maintaining F-1 status

• Example: A student who completes a Master's degree cannot enroll in another Master's program or a Bachelor's program

Grace Period Reduction

The grace period for departure preparation would be reduced from 60 to 30 days following program completion, aligning with other visa categories like J-1 and M-1 visas.

Extension of Stay (EOS) Process

Students needing to stay beyond their fixed admission period will need to:

1. File an Extension of Stay application with USCIS

2. Pay application fees

3. Provide biometric information

4. Demonstrate continued eligibility and program progress

5. Prove financial support and maintenance of foreign residence

Transition Period for Current Students

For students already in the U.S. when the rule becomes effective:

• Automatic Transition: Current students would be allowed to remain until their program end date on their current Form I-20, not to exceed 4 years from the rule's effective date

• Grace Period: Plus additional 60 days for departure preparation (under current rules)

• No Immediate Action Required: Students maintaining status won't need to file anything initially

Timeline and Next Steps

• Comment Period: Comments must be received by September 29, 2025

• Final Rule: Expected late 2025 or early 2026

• Implementation: TBD - will be announced when final rule is published

What This Means for Prospective Students

Planning Your Studies

1. Choose Programs Carefully: Consider whether you can complete your program within 4 years

2. Research Extensions: Understand the EOS process and associated costs

3. Plan Transfers Wisely: If you plan to transfer schools, do so after your first academic year

4. Consider Program Progression: Ensure your academic path moves to higher educational levels

Financial Implications

• Extension applications will require fees (current I-539 fee is $370)

• More frequent interaction with USCIS

• Potential delays if extensions are not processed timely

Reasons Behind the Changes

DHS cites several concerns driving these proposed changes:

1. Program Integrity: Preventing abuse by students who remain in F-1 status for decades by continuously enrolling or transferring between schools

2. National Security: Enhanced vetting and monitoring of international students

3. Fraud Prevention: Addressing "pay-to-stay" fraud schemes and ensuring students are legitimate

How F1Apply Can Help

At F1Apply, we understand these changes may seem overwhelming. Here's how we can support you:

Current Students

• Monitor the final rule publication

• Provide guidance on extension processes

• Help calculate your transition timeline

• Connect you with immigration attorneys when needed

Prospective Students

• Help identify programs that fit within 4-year timelines

• Assist with strategic academic planning

• Continue providing application fee waiver opportunities

• Offer updated guidance as rules are finalized

Take Action Now

For Current Students

1. Check Your I-20: Note your program end date

2. Plan Ahead: If your program extends beyond 4 years, start planning for extensions

3. Stay Informed: Monitor official announcements from DHS and your school's international office

For Prospective Students

1. Submit Comments: If these changes will significantly impact you, consider submitting comments to DHS before September 29, 2025

2. Plan Strategically: Choose programs and schools with these new restrictions in mind

3. Stay Updated: Follow F1Apply for the latest updates and guidance

Key Resources

• Official Proposed Rule: Federal Register Link

• Comment Submission: Visit regulations.gov and search for docket "ICEB-2025-0001"

• Your School's International Office: Your primary resource for personalized guidance

Looking Ahead

While these changes represent a significant shift in U.S. immigration policy for students, remember that the rule is still in the proposal stage. The final rule may differ based on public comments and further review. However, it's wise to start preparing for these potential changes now.

At F1Apply, we remain committed to helping international students navigate the U.S. education system successfully. We'll continue monitoring these developments and providing updated guidance as more information becomes available.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

General Questions

Q: When will these changes take effect? A: The rule is currently in the proposal stage. Comments are due by September 29, 2025, and the final rule is expected in late 2025 or early 2026. The implementation date will be announced with the final rule.

Q: Will these changes affect students already in the U.S.? A: Yes, but there's a transition period. Current students will be allowed to remain until their program end date on their current I-20, not to exceed 4 years from the rule's effective date, plus an additional grace period for departure.

Q: Do these changes apply to all F-1 students? A: Yes, the proposed changes apply to all F-1 students, including those in undergraduate, graduate, and language training programs.

Admission and Stay Duration

Q: What if my program is longer than 4 years? A: You'll need to apply for an Extension of Stay (EOS) with USCIS before your initial 4-year period expires. This will involve fees, paperwork, and demonstrating continued eligibility.

Q: Can I still do OPT (Optional Practical Training) under the new rules? A: Yes, OPT is still available. However, you may need to file an EOS application along with your OPT application if your program extends beyond the 4-year limit.

Q: What happens if my Extension of Stay is denied? A: If your EOS is denied, you must leave the United States immediately. Staying beyond this point would result in unlawful presence, which can have serious immigration consequences.

School Transfers and Program Changes

Q: Can I transfer schools at all under the new rules? A: Yes, but with restrictions. You must complete your first academic year at the school that issued your initial I-20 unless SEVP grants an exception. Transfers after the first year are still possible.

Q: What if I want to change my major? A: Changing majors within the same educational level may be possible, but changing to a different educational level after completing a program is restricted. You can only move to a higher educational level.

Q: I completed a Master's degree - can I do another Master's in a different field? A: No, under the proposed rules, you cannot pursue another program at the same educational level after completing one. You would need to pursue a higher level (like a PhD) or leave F-1 status.

Language Training

Q: How long can I study English as an F-1 student? A: The proposed rule limits language training to an aggregate of 24 months, including breaks and annual vacation. This is significantly less than current allowances.

Q: Can I do language training after completing a degree program? A: This would likely not be allowed under the new rules, as language training is considered a lower educational level than degree programs.

Financial and Application Concerns

Q: How much will Extension of Stay applications cost? A: While specific fees aren't mentioned in the proposed rule, currently the I-539 form (used for extensions) costs $370. Additional fees may apply for biometric services.

Q: How often will I need to apply for extensions? A: It depends on your program length. If your total time in the U.S. (including all programs) exceeds 4 years, you'll need to apply for extensions. Some students may only need one extension, while others (like PhD students) may need multiple.

Q: What documents will I need for an Extension of Stay application? A: You'll likely need an updated I-20, financial documentation, academic transcripts, proof of program progress, and other supporting documents. Biometric collection will also be required.

Practical Concerns

Q: What if I'm sick or have family emergencies that delay my studies? A: The proposed rule states that delays caused by circumstances like academic probation, suspension, or a student's inability to complete coursework are generally not acceptable reasons for extensions. However, medical circumstances might qualify for SEVP exceptions.

Q: Can I travel outside the U.S. while an Extension of Stay application is pending? A: This is complex under the new rules. Depending on when you travel and your circumstances, your EOS application might be considered abandoned. It's best to consult with your international student office before traveling.

Q: Will this affect my ability to apply for a green card later? A: The proposed rule could make it more difficult to maintain continuous legal status, which might affect certain green card applications. However, the specific impacts will depend on your individual circumstances and immigration pathway.

For Prospective Students

Q: Should I delay applying to U.S. universities because of these changes? A: Not necessarily. Many programs can be completed within 4 years, and the rule may not be implemented for some time. Continue with your applications while staying informed about developments.

Q: How should I choose my program knowing these changes might come? A: Consider programs that can realistically be completed within 4 years, research schools' track records for program completion times, and understand the requirements for your field of study.

Q: Will application fee waivers still be available? A: Yes! F1Apply will continue helping students access application fee waivers for university applications. These proposed immigration rule changes don't affect university application processes.

Taking Action

Q: Should I submit comments on this proposed rule? A: If you believe these changes will significantly impact you or other international students, you can submit comments to DHS by September 29, 2025. Visit regulations.gov and search for docket "ICEB-2025-0001."

Q: Where can I get help understanding how this affects my specific situation? A: Contact your school's international student services office for personalized guidance. For complex situations, consider consulting with an immigration attorney.

Stay connected with F1Apply for the latest updates on U.S. student visa policies and continue accessing application fee waiver opportunities for your university applications.

Disclaimer: This article provides general information about proposed immigration rule changes. For specific legal advice regarding your situation, please consult with a qualified immigration attorney. The proposed rule is subject to change before final implementation.